As bases culturais da ocidentalização no pensamento de José Ortega y Gasset e a influência de suas idéias na República brasileira dos anos 20 e 30

Abstract

RESUMO Discute as idéias de Ortega y Gasset, inclusive a sua proposta de unificação européia. Mostra que, para aquele filósofo, o Ocidente europeu forjou-se na Roma republicana. Analisa sua concepção de que a sociedade se divide sempre em minorias e massa bem como a idéia de que os poderes públicos fundamentam sua atuação nos usos e crenças comuns a qualquer sociedade. Analisa a influência de suas idéias nos debates sobre a constituição do Brasil nos anos 20 e 30. ABSTRACT The Cultural Grounds of the Westerning Process in José Ortega y Gasset’s Thought and his Ideas Influence on Brazilian republic During the Twenties and Thirties. v. 24, n. 2, p. 359-383, jul./dez. 1997. Discusses Ortega y Gasset’s ideas, including his proposal to the unification of Europe. Shows that, according to that philosopher ideas, European West began beeing forged in republican Rome. Analyses his conception that society always is marked by the split between minorities and mass as well as his idea that public power grounds its perfomance on folkways and beliefs shared by the people in any society. Analyses the influence of Ortega y Gasset’s ideas on the debates about Brazilian constituition during the twenties and the thirties. RÉSUMÉ Les bases culturelles de l’occidentalisation de la pensée de José Ortega y Gasset et l’influence de ses idées dans la République brésilienne dans les années 20 et 30. v. 24, n. 2, p. 359-383, jul./dez. 1996 L’auteur analyse les idées d’Ortega y Gasset et éutdie sa pensée sur l’unification de l’Europe. Elle montre que selon les idées de ce philosophe, l’Occident Européen s’est forgé à Rome républicaine. Elle analyse son modèle de société bien marquée par la division entre minorités et masse, et aussi l’idée selon laquelle le pouvoir public fonde son action sur les coutumes et les croyances communes à toutes les sociétés. Elle analyse l’influence de ses idées dans les débats sur la constitution du Brésil, au cours des années 20 et 30.